Jack



- Get 20, 1-936.

R. K. JEFFREY J ACK Filed March 5, 1933 Eihw [/Vl/f/VTOE ROBERT K. JEFFREY,

ETED STATES ATENT OFFICE JACK Robert K. Jeffrey, Bexley, Ohio, assignor to The .lgfirey Manufacturing Company, a corporation Ohio Application March 3, 1933:, Serial No. 659,515

27 Claims. (Cl. 25495) In mining operations, it is customary to emtrating, in section, certain structural details of ploy for drilling purposes a drill construction the movable section;

wherein the drill itself is mounted on a drill Fig. 3v is a detail view of a form of adjusting post supported between the ceiling and floor lever usable in the present construction; where the drilling operations are taking place, so Fig. 4 is an end view of the lever of Fig. 3, 5

that the drill may operate satisfactorily to prelooking interiorly of the lever, and showing the pare the deposit being mined for the usual blastinternal construction thereof;

ing charge. Because of varying heights between Fig. 5 is an elevation showing the improved the ceiling and the floor, the effective length of jack post assembly of the present construction; the drill post must be rendered adjustable in or- Fig. 6 is a view showing the post with drill 10 der to make it generally utilizable for any given mounted thereon as employed in service;

location. In View of the restricted spaces in Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line which the drilling operations frequently are nec- 'l-! of Fig. 5, looking in the direction of the essarily carried out, it is essential that the rearrows.

l5 quired manipulations of the drilling equipment Referring more particularly to the drawing, it be rendered as accessible as possible to the opwill be noted that the drill post construction comerator, and it is therefore highly desirable that prises an outer, or stationary, section A, a relathe equipment be simplified, both as to constructively movable section B telescoping within section and operation, to the maximum possible extion A, and a sleeve unit C embracing certain tent. of the novel adjusting instrumentalities of the 20 In keeping with such efforts at simplification, present invention. the present invention provides novel improve- The section A of the drill post is illustrated as ments in adjusting mechanisms for varying the being of a square configuration, and is provided height of the drill post employed for carrying with a series of notches adapted to have the drill the usual drills employed in mining operations, D secured thereto in a known manner. The 25 the invention providing adjusting mechanisms drill is provided with the usual boring auger E. which will be conveniently accessible to, and Interiorly, the section A is accurately bored to easily operable by, a single operator working in receive the telescoping tubular section B, aforethe very limited spaces frequently encountered said, this section being provided with a rack l,

in mine drilling operations. which rack constitutes an adjusting means com- 30 The construction of the present invention genplemental to certain actuating devices which will erally includes a drill post for carrying a drill be described in detail hereinafter. or similar tool, which is formed of a pair of sec- These actuating devices are carried by the tions, one slidable relative to the other, for efcasting C, which is fitted over one end of the fecting the required adjustment. The movable section to form a sleeve, and is clamped thereto 35 element is adjusted by novel mechanism formin a suitable manner. The casting C is bored ing the principal subject matter of the present internally to enable the section B to operate invention, the mechanism being mounted as a therein, the parts being assembled so that the u it on a S e e bushing secured to the teeth of the rack I engage a pinion 2 mounted on 1310119113! Section, and (TO-acting With 00mph? shaft 3 extending transversely through the cast- 40 mentary actuating devices on the movable secmg C. tion for enabling the required adjustments to Actuation of the shaft 3 and pinion 2 is acl made convenfientli gi i g complished by a lever 4 having a bifurcated fulwded for releasmg t e Jus men 0 8 crum end 5 provided with an enlongated slot 6 on ready removal of the tool from the drilling loca- 45 each side, through WhlCh slot the shaft 3 passes. 3 g the dnumg Operatlons have been com The lever 4 is secured in position on the shaft by Thedetails of the invention will be more readily means of 1 and cqtter-pm understood by reference tov the accompanying The lever 4 of specla'l construcmoni 59 drawing in which; signed to operate a ratchet wheel 9 also mounted 1 is fragmentary l ti of m on the shaft 3 and suitably secured thereto in any post embracing the novel constructional features desirable manner- Adapted age with this of the present invention; ratchet andto interlock therewith, is the pawl Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but looking l=fl,'turnably mounted with the shaft ll being sein a direction opposite to that of Fig. 1, and illuscured thereto by a pin mo. and normally held in 55' and drill, the adjusting mechanism, which it will interlocking position with the teeth of the ratchet 9 by the tension of the spring I2.

It has been mentioned above that the lever 4 is of special construction to operate the ratchet 9. Accordingly, the lever is internally recessed, so that the ratchet 9 extends interiorly of this lever, which is provided with teeth I3 for engaging the teeth of the ratchet. The teeth I3 are disposed interiorly of the lever.

On the opposite ends of the drill post, and clamped to the sections A and B respectively, are ofi-set brackets M and I5 in which are mounted the points I6 and IGa. As will be seen from the drawing, the point I6 is yieldably mounted relative to the bracket I4, being maintained in extended position by a spring ll bearing, respectively, against a collar I8 on the point I6 and the end of the bracket M. This spring I1 is of considerable degree of stiffness, and serves as a buffer for the post during manipulation of the adjusting mechanism, and enables a somewhat further movement of the sections A and B to take place in safety during adjustment of the post, even after the points I6 and ifia have been driven to their limits into the ceiling and floor, respectively, of the drilling location by compression of said spring II. Abutment or cotter-pin I8a, retains the point It within the bracket I4.

It will be apparent that in order to hold the drill D and auger E in proper position, a considerable amount of pressure must be exerted on the adjusting mechanism, since the entire structure is maintained in position by the engagement of the points It and Mia with the ceiling I and floor, or walls, of the location of the drilling operations. Therefore, a considerable load is imparted to the drill post, which must be relieved before the post can be removed after the drilling operation is completed.

In order to accomplish the removal of the post be understood remains locked in adjusted position through engagement of the pawl I0 with the teeth of ratchet 9, must be released, which is accomplished by first pressing on lever 4 suffiengagement with the ratchet. Since, during the adjustment and operation of the drill and post, the points It and [6a have become embedded in the material at the boring operations, they must be forcibly released therefrom in order to enable .withdrawal of the post and drill, even after the pawl is released from its ratchet.

For this purpose, the sleeve C is provided with an abutment 29, engageable by the lever 4, whereby pressure exerted by the lever upon the abutment will loosen the points I6 and I6a from their engagement and will enable the sections A and B to telescope together under the weight thereon, to effect release of the post and drill.

The section B is provided with an enlarged head 2! for properly guiding the section B during its movements within the section A, and for holding the sections in proper alinement, by preventing turning therebetween owing to the polygonal configuration of the head 2| and the bore within which it fits.

It is believed that the operation of this mechanism will be clear from the above description, and only a brief summary thereof need therefore be given.

From the above description, it will be apparent that the lever 9 is not rigidly secured to the shaft 3, but because of the provision of the elongated slots 6 in the bifurcated fulcrum end 5 of the lever, sufficient play is allowed to enable the lever to be lifted sufiiciently for the teeth I3 to disengage the ratchet 9, to enable the lever to be manipulated when desired, without affecting the ratchet. When it is desired to set up the drill, the sections A and B of the post are expanded as far as possible to effect a firm support for the drill. This is accomplished by rotating the ratchet 9 by manipulation of the lever 4-, so that the pinion 2 will successively engage the teeth of the rack I. In this connection, it will be understood that the pawl I9 slides over the teeth of the ratchet 9 to enable the latter to be turned to eifect expansion of the sections A and B, while interlocking with the ratchet to secure it against counterrotation, the spring I2 holding the pawl in this position relative to the ratchet. For rotating the ratchet, obviously the teeth I3 in the lever 4, are brought into progressive engagement with the teeth of the ratchet, and the lever t is swung to advance the rack i. To effect the progressive advancement of the rack, after each time the lever is operated to move the ratchet, it is lifted to disengage the teeth i3 from the ratchet as the lever is brought back for the next operation. These manipulations are repeated until the sections A and B are expanded and the points. I6 and IBa are pressed as far as possible into supporting position. It will be apparent that at the end of this adjustment the spring I! acts as a buffer between the post and points enabling a cushioning effect to be obtained between the post and points. The apparatus is then ready for drilling operations.

When it is desired to release the jack the lever 4 is moved down sufficiently to relieve the pressure of the ratchet 9 on the pawl I0 so that the pawl shifter I9 may easily be moved manually on the shaft I I until the spring I2 passes over dead center where it will hold the pawl it! out of engagement with the ratchet 9. That is to say, when sumcient downward pressure is exerted on the lever 4 to free the pawl I0 from the ratchet 9, the pawl shifter I9 may be positively actuated manually to release the pawl I9 from the ratchet 9 and the spring I2 being on dead center will hold the pawl I!) in released position after the pawl shifter I9 is released.

After the pawl Ill has been released from the ratchet 9 the pressures on the ends of the jack tend to keep the ratchet 9 in interlocking connection with the teeth I3 carried by the lever 4. In the event that there should be a subsidence of the roof of the mine room or entry after the jack has been anchored, there will be a heavy pressure exerted on the sections A and B by virtue of the load thus transferred to the jack. Consequently, when the pawl I9 is released from the ratchet 9 in the manner stated the subsidence pressure may be so great as to tend to rotate the ratchet 9 while in interlocking connection with the teeth l3 and tend to take the lever out of the control of the operator. The abutment 20 rigidly connected to the section A in stationary position adjacent to the enlarged portion 4a acts as a safety device in preventing sudden movement of the lever 4 when the pawl I0 is released from the ratchet 9.

It will thus be seen that even after the pawl I0 is released from the ratchet 9 and held by the spring l2 in released positions, the jack sec tions are still held in anchored positions by the ratchet 9 engaging the teeth l3 and the enlarged portion 4a engaging the stationary abutment 20. Now upon movement of the lever 4 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. l, the abutment 20 will act as a fulcrum for the lever 4whi1e the teeth l3 are released from the ratchet 9. During such release of the teeth I3 from the ratchet 9 the shaft 3 remains in stationary position in fixed relation to the jack sections but by reason of the loop 5 having an elongated slot 6 therein, the latter may slide on the shaft 3 during movement of the teeth l3 away from the ratchet 9. As soon as the teeth 13 are released from the ratchet 9 the jack sections collapse to effect release of the jack from its anchored position, without any sudden movement of the lever 4. In this manner, notwithstandingthe heavy subsidence pressure which may be exerted upon the jack, after it has been set in anchored position, the jack may be readily and safely released for easy removal from its drill supporting position.

It may be mentioned that the drill D is mounted on the square section A of the post, which section is provided with the square notches 22. The drill D is mounted on a supporting member 23 suitably held in the notches 22, this support, in co-operation with the points [6 and l6a, being such as to provide a mounting of the drill on the post to enable operation of the drill in any desired direction in rectilinearly related axes. A clamp 24 is provided for securing the drill in the desired position, and because of the square configuration of the notches 22, it is immaterial whether the post be employed as shown,

.with the square section A as the upper section,

or whether it is inverted, the square notches affording the same support for the member 23 in either position of the post, enabling the operator to drill nearer the roof or floor.

With reference to Fig. 7, it will be observed that the shoulder 25 provides a means for pre- Venting accidental separation of the sections after the parts are assembled, this shoulder preventing a free or unobstructed passage of the head 2! from the bore of the section A. This shoulder 25 marks the boundary between the circular portion of the bore 26, and the non-circular portion 21.

It will also be noted that the parts of the device are clamped together by a clamp 28 integral with the sleeve C. This clamp, as will be seen from Fig. '7, comprises the parts 29 and 30, bolted together tightly by bolt 3|, which is secured in position by a nut 32, thus holding the casting C securely in position on the section A.

It may be mentioned also that when the jack is put in position, the operator may hold it by pressing with his foot upon bracket I5 and then manually lifting section A as far as possible. Necessary final adjustment may then be accomplished by a relatively few manipulations of lever 4.

Obviously those skilled inv the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims hereto appended, and I wish therefore not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by LettersPatent of the United States is:

1. A mine jack comprising a body formed of a pair of sections adjustable relative to each other, instrumentalities for spreading the sections, the instrumentalities tending to become interlocked under pressure of a load on the jack, and means for applying a counter-pressure to the said instrumentalities to break the interlock therebetween for freely releasing the sections after spreading thereof to enable the sections to freely collapse.

2. A jack comprising a body for-med of a pair of sections adjustable relative to each other, and instrumentalities for spreading the sections comprising ratchet mechanism operatively connected with the sections, and a lever for operating the ratchet mechanism, the said lever being provided with a pawl for operating the ratchet mechanism, the pawl becoming interlocked with the ratchet mechanism under pressure of a load upon-the jack, the lever and having means enabling the pawl to be released from the ratchet mechanism upon application of counter-pressure upon the lever and pawl toeffect free release of the sections, and abutments on the lever and jack adapted to be brought into operative engagement by suitable manipulation of the lever for enabling a sufficient pressure to be applied therebetween for separating the said pawl and ratchet mechanism for operating the lever independently of the ratchet mechanism.

3. A jack comprising a body formed of a pair of sections, one section telescoping within the other, and instrumentalities for spreading the sections comprising ratchet mechanism operatively connected with the sections, and a lever for operating the ratchet mechanism, the said lever being provided with a pawl for operating the ratchet mechanism, and having means enabling the lever to be lifted for disengaging the pawl from the ratchet mechanism for operating the lever independently of the ratchet mechanism, and means on the outer section engageable by the lever for efiecting separation of the pawl from the ratchet mechanism for releasing the sections after expansion thereof.

4. A mine jack comprising a body formed of a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, instrumentalities for spreading the sections and becoming in locked engagement under pressure of a load on the jack, and means on the jack engageable by certain of the said instrumentalities for releasing the sections for free collapse after the spreading thereof.

5. A mine jack comprising a body formed of a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, instrumentalities for spreading the sections and tending to become interlocked under pressure of a load on the jack, and an abutment member on the jack engageable by certain of the said instrumentalities for enabling the said interlocking pressure to be counteracted for releasing the sections for free collapse after the spreading thereof.

6. A mine jack comprising a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, adjusting mechanism for the sections, means for operating the sections, the adjusting mechanism and operating means tending to become interlocked under pressure of a load on the jack when the sections are fully extended, and means for exerting a counter-pressure on the operating means and adjusting mechanism for overcoming theinterlocking pressure of the load for releasing the sections to enable the same to freely collapse.

- 7. A jackcomprising a pair of sections adjustable relativelyto each other, adjusting means for the sections carried by one of the sections, complemental adjusting means on the other section operatively interconnected with the aforesaid means, and operating means normally engaging the adjusting means to operate the same, and becoming interlocked therewith under pressure of a load on the jack, and means for counteracting the said pressure for effecting disengagement between the adjusting means and operating means to release the said sections to enable, free collapse thereof.

8., A jack comprising a pairof sections telescopically adjustable relativelyto each other, ad'

justing mechanism including a ratchet for effecting adjustment of the sections and a lever-for operating the ratchet, the said lever being provided with teeth enclosed within the lever for operatively engaging the said ratchet, the teeth and ratchet tending to become interlocked under pressure exerted by a load on the jack, and means enabling a counter-pressure to be applied to the lever to separate the teeth thereof from the ratchet for releasing the sections to enable free collapse thereof.

9. A jack comprising a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, and mechanism for spreading the sections, the mechanism including a ratchet and a lever fulcrumed at one end to one of the sections and provided with a pawl for engaging the ratchet for operation thereof, the pawl and ratchet tending tobecome interlocked under pressure exerted by a load on the jack, the fulcrumed end of the lever being provided with a loop upon which the lever is adapted to be manipulated, and means enabling a counter-pressure to be applied to the lever to enable the lever to slip on the loop to disengage the pawl from the ratchet for releasing the said sections to enable free collapse thereof.

10. A jack comprising a pair of sections, one section telescoping within the other, mechanism for extending the sections relatively to each other, the said mechanism including a shaft, a pawl and ratchet mechanism on the shaft and a lever for operating the mechanism, the said pawl being a part of the lever, the said lever being fulcrumed on the shaft and being provided with a loop through which the shaft extends, the pawl and ratchet mechanism becoming interlocked under pressure of a load upon the jack, and means enabling a counter-pressure to be exerted on the lever for lifting the lever along the said loop to disengage the said pawl and ratchet mechanism for freelyreleasing the sections.

11. A mine jack comprisingan outer section and an inner section, a sleeve unit mounted on the outer section, a rack on the inner section, and adjusting mechanism mounted on the sleeve unit and adapted to engage the said rack for effecting a relative spreading of the sections, the said adjusting mechanism comprising a lever provided with a pawl, and a ratchetengageable by the said pawl, the pawl and ratchet tending to become interlocked under pressure exerted by a load on the jack, and cooperating means on the lever and sleeve for counteracting the said pressure to effect a separation of the pawl and ratchet to enable the sections to freely collapse.

12. A jack comprising an outer section and an inner section, a sleeve unit mounted on the outer 75*; section. a rack on the inner section, and adjustsleeve for enabling a purchase to be effected upon I the lever to separate the pawl from the ratchet when the lever is operated counter to the operation thereof which produces said spreading for releasing the sections to enable them to freely collapse.

13. A jack comprising a body formed of a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, adjusting instrumentalities for adjustment of the sections and including a ratchet, a lever provided with teeth adapted to engage the ratchet for operation thereof, a pawl releasably engaging the ratchet, means enabling the lever to be moved to effect disengagement of the teeth thereof from the ratchet, and cooperating abutment members on the'jack and lever to enable the lever toobtain a purchase on the jack to release the sections for free collapse thereof.

14. A jack comprising a body formed of a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, means for extending the sections, the said means including cooperating pawl and ratchet mechanism, and a lever for operating the ratchet mechanism, the said lever being disengageable from the ratchet mechanism for collapsing the sections, an abutment member on the jack adapted to be engaged by the lever upon suitable manipulation of the lever to enable pressure to be applied between the lever and ratchet mechanism to effect disengagement therebetween for releasing the sections to enable the sections to freely collapse, and means for holding the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet for maintaining the ratchet released when the pawl is moved past dead center position in a direction away from the ratchet. j v

15. A jack adapted to be subjected to the pressure of a heavy load, comprising a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other,

mechanism for spreading the sections including an operating lever normally in operative engagement with the remaining mechanism for extending the sections and becoming locked with the said mechanism under action of the pressure of the load upon the jack, means enabling free manipulation of the lever about the locked engagement, and means engageable by the lever for enabling pressure exerted upon the lever to break the said locked engagement for releasing the sections to enable the sections to freely collapse.

16. A jack adapted to be subjected to the pressure of a heavy load, comprising a pair of sections adjustable relatively to each other, mechanism for spreading the sections including an operative lever and a ratchet, the said lever being provided with teeth engageable with the said ratchet for operating the ratchet to extend the sections, the teeth of the lever coming into locked engagement with the ratchet under the pressure of the load on the jack while, however, allowing the lever to be manipulated around the ratchet, and an abutment on the jack engageable by the lever upon suitable manipulation thereof, whereby a purchase may be obtained upon the lever to break the engagement between the ratchet and teeth of the lever for releasing the sections to enable the sections to freely collapse.

17. A mine jack comprising relatively adjustable sections, operating mechanism for the sections for effecting adjustment thereof, the mechanism becoming self-locking under influence of pressure applied to the ends of the jack, and means enabling a counter-pressure to be exerted on the mechanism suilicient to overcome the aforesaid pressure to release the said mechanism for enabling the sections to freely collapse.

18. A jack comprising a pair of relatively adjustable sections, pawl and ratchet mechanism between said sections for anchoring the jack, a shoe yieldingly connected to one end of one of said sections, and means for operating the ratchet to exert additional pressure on said yieldingly connected shoe to permit release of the pawl when said jack is to be released from its anchored position.

19. A jack comprising a pair of telescoping sections each non-circular in cross-section to prevent relative rotation, laterally extending brackets at the remote ends of said sections, spaced-apart anchoring points mounted in alinement with each other on said brackets, a yielding connection between one of said points and its bracket, and pawl and ratchet means for moving said telescoping sections relatively to each other to eifect the application or release of said anchoring points.

20. A jack comprising relatively adjustable sections, mechanism comprising a pawl and a ratchet for spreading said sections, a retaining pawl for said ratchet, a lever for actuating said first-named pawl to rotate said ratchet, mechanism affording spaced fulcrums for said lever, and means for supporting said lever for engagement with one of said fulcrums when the first-named pawl rotates said ratchet and for engagement with the other fulcrum when the jack is to be released.

21. A jack comprising two sections relatively adjustable, means comprising pawl and ratchet mechanism including a lever for moving said sections to anchor the jack, a releasable retaining pawl for the ratchet, abutment mechanism cooperating with said lever for locking said sections in anchored positions when said retaining pawl is released, said lever including means cooperating with said abutment mechanism to release said pawl from its ratchet while said retaining pawl is released, to effect release of the jack from its anchored position.

22. A jack comprising relatively adjustable sections, means for moving said sections relatively to each other to anchor the jack and hold the same anchored, an operating lever having a slot in the fulcrum end thereof, and abutment mechanism coacting with said slot to release said moving means to enable said jack to be released.

23. As an article of manufacture, an operating lever for a jack, comprising a fulcrum slot, a pawl, and an extension adapted to engage an abutment on the jack to release the pawl as permitted by said slot.

24. A jack comprising two sections, a pinion on one section, a rack on the other section, a ratchet,

a shaft secured to said pinion and to said ratchet, an operating lever having a slot through which said shaft extends, a fixed abutment on the section carrying the pinion and the ratchet, a pawl on said lever releasably engaging said ratchet, a releasable retaining pawl for said ratchet operable independently of the pawl on said lever, and. an extension on said lever in position to engage said abutment to act as a fulcrum to release said first-named pawl from said ratchet as permitted by said slot.

25. A mine jack comprising a pair of telescoping sections each provided with means to prevent relative rotation therebetween, laterally extending brackets at the remote ends of said sections, spaced-apart anchoring means mounted in alinement with each other on said brackets, and pawl and ratchet means for expanding said sections and for releasing said sections for free collapse.

26. A mine jack comprising a pair of telescoping sections, a rack carried by one of said sections, means connected between one section and the rack on the other section for expanding said sections and maintaining them in expanded condition, said means comprising an actuating pawl and a releasable retaining device, a handle connected to said actuating pawl for operating the expanding means when the handle is moved in one direction, said sections being maintained in expanded condition by said retaining device, an abutment on one section in position to serve as a fulcrum for said handle when the latter is moved in a direction opposite to that required to effect expansion of said sections, and means actuated by said handle when said abutment becomes effective as a fulcrum to release the actuating pawl after the retaining device has been released and thereby effect release of the mine jack from its anchoring position.

27. A mine jack comprising a pair of telescoping sections, a rack carried by one section, means connected between one section and the rack on the other section for expanding said sections and maintaining them in expanded condition, said means comprising an actuating pawl and a releasable retaining pawl, an actuating handle connected to the actuating pawl for expanding said sections when the handle is moved in one direction, said sections being maintained in said expanded condition by said releasable retaining pawl, an abutment on one of said sections in position to be engaged by said handle when the latter is moved in a direction opposite to that required to secure expansion of said sections, and mechanism actuated by said handle when engaging said abutment to effect such movement of said actuating pawl as to release the same, the construction and arrangement being such that when a load is on the jack the said lever may be actuated to expand the said sections suificiently to permit manual release of the retaining pawl whereupon the lever may be released to eifect transfer of the load on the jack to said actuating pawl and by reverse movement of the lever the abutment may be engaged as aforesaid to secure release of the actuating pawl and the collapse of said sections.

ROBERT K. JEFFREY. 

